Effect of coconut biodiesel blended fuels on engine performance and emission characteristics

Alternative fuels have received much attention due to the depletion of world petroleum reserves and increased environmental concerns. Thus processed form of vegetable oil (Biodiesel) offers attractive alternative fuels to compression ignition engines. The present work investigates the engine performance parameters and emissions characteristics for direct injection diesel engine using coconut biodiesel blends without any engine modifications. A total of three fuel samples, such as DF (100% diesel fuel), CB5 (5% coconut biodiesel and 95% DF), and CB15 (15% CB and 85% DF) respectively are used. Engine performance test has been carried out at 100% load, keeping throttle 100% wide open with variable speeds of 1500 to 2400 rpm at an interval of 100 rpm. Whereas, engine emission tests have been carried out at 2200 rpm at 100% and 80% throttle position. As results of investigations, there has been a decrease in torque and brake power, while increase in specific fuel consumption has been observed for biodiesel blended fuels over the entire speed range compared to net diesel fuel. In case of engine exhaust gas emissions, lower HC, CO and, higher CO2 and NOx emissions have been found for biodiesel blended fuels compared to diesel fuel. Moreover, reduction in sound level for both biodiesel blended fuels has been observed when compared to diesel fuel. Therefore, it can be concluded that CB5 and CB15 can be used in diesel engines without any engine modifications and have beneficial effects both in terms of emission reductions and alternative petroleum diesel fuel. © 2012 The authors, Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Bangladesh Society of Mechanical Engineers